HUBUNGAN STATUS ANEMIA DENGAN STATUS GIZI DAN STATUS PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI
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Ika Puspa Windardi
Andini Retno Yunitasari
Primasti Nuryandari Putri
Seala Septiani
Abstract
Nutritional deficiencies and sub-optimal child development remain pressing public health concerns in Indonesia, often associated with low hemoglobin levels indicative of anemia. This study examined the relationship between nutritional status, hemoglobin levels, and developmental outcomes among early childhood children. This cross-sectional study involved 55 children aged 5 to 7 years. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI-for-age Z-scores, hemoglobin levels were measured non-invasively using an infrared sensor device, and child development was evaluated using the Developmental Pre-screening Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods. Results showed that 78.2 percent of children had normal nutritional status, while 10.9 percent were undernourished, 3.6 percent severely undernourished, and 7.3 percent overweight. Appropriate, questionable, and deviant early childhood development achievements were 87.3 percent, 10.9 percent, and 1.8 percent, respectively. Anemia was identified in 5.5 percent of the children. Fisher's exact test showed no significant association between anemia and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.250) or between anemia and child development (p=1.000). These findings suggest that most children had normal nutritional and developmental status. Further investigation with a larger sample size is needed to more thoroughly explore the multifactorial influences of anemia status, nutritional status, and early childhood development.
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