KORELASI ASUPAN MAKRONUTRIEN DENGAN STATUS GIZI DAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PENYANDANG DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glycemic control, while nutritional status plays an important role in metabolic management. Macronutrient energy distribution may be associated with nutritional status and blood glucose levels. To analyze the association between the percentage contribution of energy from macronutrients, nutritional status, and fasting blood glucose levels in individuals with T2DM. This cross-sectional analytical observational study involved 43 participants with T2DM enrolled in the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis), recruited using consecutive sampling. Dietary intake was assessed using two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls and calculated as the percentage contribution of energy from protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), while glycemic control was assessed using fasting blood glucose levels. Pearson or Spearman correlation tests and multiple linear regression were used for analysisThe percentage contribution of energy from protein was negatively correlated with BMI (r =-0.324; p=0.034). No significant associations were found between the percentage contribution of energy from protein, fat, or carbohydrates and waist circumference, WHR, or fasting blood glucose levels (p >0.05). After adjustment in the multivariable analysis, the association between the percentage of energy from protein and BMI was attenuated and was no longer statistically significant (β =-0.284; p=0.068). No significant associations were observed between macronutrient energy distribution and nutritional status indicators or fasting blood glucose levels after adjustment for potential confounders .