HUBUNGAN ASUPAN KARBOHIDRAT, PROTEIN, KEKUATAN OTOT, PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DAN MASSA OTOT TERHADAP KECEPATAN RENANG PADA ATLET REMAJA
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Tarisya Khairani Fuadi
Didit Damayanti
Abstract
The low performance of young swimming athletes remains a challenge to developing national sports achievements. Optimal performance is influenced by nutritional intake and body composition. This study aimed to examine the relationship between carbohydrate and protein intake, muscle strength, body fat, and muscle mass percentage with swimming speed among adolescent swimmers. This cross-sectional study included 31 athletes aged 12–15 years from Meteor Lintas Aquatic Club, East Jakarta. Inclusion criteria included being active athletes who could complete a 400-meter freestyle swim. Swimming speed was assessed through a 400-meter freestyle test. Dietary intake was measured using a 2x24-hour food recall. Muscle strength was assessed via a handgrip test, and body composition through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Pearson correlation test was used for analysis. The average carbohydrate intake was 270.62±80.16 g/day (87.1% classified as low), and protein intake was 74.73±17.7 g/day (48.4% high). Body fat percentage was 19.5±6.5% (58.1% normal), muscle mass 36.32±5.94% (77.4% very high), muscle strength 24.63±7.75 kg (48.4% normal), and swimming speed 1.02±0.13 m/s (58.1% excellent). A significant positive correlation was found between carbohydrate intake and swimming speed (p = 0.01), while other variables showed no significant relationship (p > 0.05). Optimizing carbohydrate intake is recommended to enhance swimming performance.
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