SISTEM PENYELENGGARAAN MAKAN PAGI DAN STATUS GIZI SANTRIWATI PONDOK PESANTREN PUTRI MBAH RUMI

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Breakfast in Islamic boarding schools affects fitness, nutritional status, and santri’s concentration. The purpose of the study was to analyze the system of breakfast service management at Mbah Rumi Islamic Boarding School, including input, process, output, and outcome. The inputs include budget and infrastructure. The process of food service includes menu and foodstuff planning, purchasing, reception, storage, cooking, distributing, and serving. The output data is breakfast energy content, while the outcome data include breakfast energy intake and nutritional status. The research uses mix method (qualitative and quantitative) and case study design with 61 santriwati respondents aged 19-22 years in high school and college, 1 administrator, and 3 catering managers. Respondents took by random sampling. The input and process data were collected by interview and observation. Output data breakfast energy content obtained by food weighing using a digital food scale, then calculated using Nutrisurvey and TKPI 2017. The outcome breakfast energy intake was obtained by evaluating food waste using the Comstock method. The outcome nutritional status was taken through anthropometric measurements. Data were analyzed univariate and bivariate using statistical applications. The budget for food service management is 80 percent of the total cost and the facilities are deficient. The food service process is managed by the catering. The breakfast energy content is 23.05% RDA of recommendation 15-30% RDA. However, the santriwati breakfast energy intake is 14.1% of the RDA. The major of santriwati (62.3%) had normal nutritional status. Pearson correlation test showed that there was no significant relation (p=0.101) between breakfast energy intake and nutritional status.

ABSTRAK

Penyelenggaraan makan pagi di pesantren mempengaruhi kebugaran, status gizi, dan konsentrasi belajar santriwati. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis sistem penyelenggaraan makan pagi di Pondok Pesantren Putri Mbah Rumi, meliputi input, proses, output, dan outcome. Input penyelenggaraan makan terdiri atas anggaran dan sarana prasarana. Data proses penyelenggaraan makan meliputi perencanaan menu, perencanaan kebutuhan bahan makanan, pembelian bahan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pengolahan, distribusi, dan penyajian. Data kandungan energi makan pagi merupakan output penyelenggaran makan, sedangkan data outcome terdiri atas asupan energi makan pagi dan status gizi santriwati. Metode penelitian menggunakan mix method. Penelitian menggunakan desain case study padaa 61 santriwati berusia 19-22 tahun pada tingkat SMA dan mahasiswa, 1 pengurus, serta 3 pengelola catering. Responden santriwati diambil dengan random sampling. Pengumpulan data input dan proses penyelenggaraan makan dilakukan secara kualitatif. Data output yaitu kandungan energi pada menu makan pagi diperoleh dengan penimbangan berat makanan, kemudian dihitung nilai kalorinya menggunakan nutrisurvey dan Tabel Komposisi Pangan Indonesia (TKPI) 2017. Data outcome yaitu asupan energi diperoleh dengan mengevaluasi sisa makanan menggunakan metode Comstock. Data outcome berupa status gizi diambil melalui pengukuran antropometri. Analisis dilakukan terhadap data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Input anggaran penyelenggaraan makanan 80% dari biaya total dan sarana kurang memadai. Proses penyelenggaraan makanan dilakukan oleh pihak catering. Kandungan energi pada makan pagi sebesar 23.05% AKG, telah sesuai anjuran yaitu sebesar 15-30% AKG. Namun, energi makan pagi yang terasup oleh santriwati sebesar 14.1% AKG. Mayoritas santriwati (62.3.0%) berstatus gizi normal. Hasil uji Pearson menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan energi makan pagi dengan status gizi (p=0.101). [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(1):31-44]